Mathionary

Math Dictionary

(Jay Belonghilot)

abscissa

A

abscissa – the first coordinate in an ordered pair.

absolute value – a number ignoring plus or minus sign.

absolute value function – a function with an equation f(x) = lxl

 Additive Inverses - the Additive Inverse of a number is the opposite of the number. A number and its opposite add up to give zero. They are called additive inverses of each other.

Algebra - is the branch of mathematics that uses letters in place of some unknown numbers.

algebra of function – operations on function, functions can be added, subtracted, multiplied and divided.

algebraic expression – an expression containing numbers, variables, and symbols for operations.

asymptote

algebraic numbers – numbers that satisfies an algebraic equation.

algorithm – logical step-by-step procedure for solving a mathematical problem on a finite number of steps, often involving repetition of the same basic operation.

imaginary number - is a number in the form of ai, where a is any real number and i² = - 1 or  .

angle - a figure formed by two rays with a common endpoint.

angle brackets or chevrons, denoted by ‘< >’ - are used to enclose highlighted material to denote dialogue that is thought instead of spoken.

Associative Property - The associative property of addition says that when we add more than two numbers the grouping of the addends does not change the sum

asymmetry - The opposite of symmetry.

asymptote – a line that a certain part of a graph approaches more and more closely but never reaches.

axis

Axis - An Axis is a line about which a figure is drawn, measured, rotated, etc. The horizontal line and the vertical line on a coordinate plane are known as the X-axis and the Y-axis respectively. Example of Axis

axis of rotation - is a line about which a three-dimensional object is rotated in space.

axis of symmetry – the line which divides a graph into two parts such that one half of the graph is a reflection of the other.

brackets

B

bar graph – a graph which consists of horizontal and vertical bars to make a direct visual comparison of data.

base (of a Power) - In an expression of the form x^y, x is the base. The base x is a factor that    repeats y times.

binominal - The sum of two monomials

box brackets or square brackets - Apart from mathematical expression,‘[ ]’ square brackets are also used to represent the numbers in interval.

box-and-whisker graph - A graph that shows how far apart and how evenly data are distributed

brackets - can be defined as a pair of symbols used to group things together.

Cartesian coordinate system

C

cartesian coordinate system - consists of two axes, X and Y, which intersect each other at a point called `origin`, and is used to define the position of any point by using ordered pairs

Cartesian plane – the plane named after the French mathematician Rene Descartes.

coefficient - The Coefficient of a term in an expression is the number which is multiplied by one or more variables or powers of variables in the term.

collinear - Three or more points that lie on the same straight line.

common factor - is a number that divides two or more numbers exactly.

coordinate of a point

composite number - A whole number that has factors other than 1 and the number itself is a Composite Number.

composition of function – given functions f and g, the composition of f and g, denoted by f ∙ g, is defined by the equation (f · g)(x) = f(g(x)),for all x in the domain of g for which g(x) is in the domain of f.

compound inequality - is two or more simple inequalities joined by the terms 'and' or 'or'.

compounded interest – the interest that is calculated on the combined total of the original sum borrowed principal and the interest it has already accrued.

constant – a quantity with a fixed value.

constant function – a function which values are not changing or varying.

constant of proportionality -  If a quantity x is proportional (directly) to another quantity y, then x is written as x = ky, where k is called the Constant of Proportionality.

Converse Factor Theorem – if x – c is a factor of P(x), then P(c) = 0.

coordinate of a point – on a number line, the number paired with a particular point by correspondence.

coordinate plane

coordinate plane – the plane determined by the pair of perpendicular number lines.

coordinates - In a two-dimensional coordinate plane, Coordinates are the pairs of numbers which specify the position or location of a point or of an object.

cube root - Cube root of a number a is given as   or  . For example cube root of 64 =  = 

cubed number - The number obtained by multiplying a number three times

cubic function – a function with an equation f(x) = x³.

curly brackets or braces, denoted by ‘{ }’ - are used to delimit sets.

depressed polynomial

D

decreasing function – an exponential function with base b such that 0 < b < 1.

degree of a polynomial - is the highest of the degrees of all its terms.

denominator - The number below the bar in a fraction.

Density Property for Real Numbers – The property which states that between any two real numbers, there is always another real number

 

dependent variable – changes its value according to the value of other elements present.

 depressed polynomial - is the quotient that we get when a polynomial is divided by one of its binomial factors.

direct variation

direct variation – relationship between two quantities, say x and y, such that there exists a nonzero real number k with y = kx.

discriminant – the number b² – ac given the quadratic expression ax² + bx + c, a ≠ 0.

distributive property – a multiplication property.[a(x + 2) = ax + 2a]

Distributive Property of Multiplication over Addition - The property which states that multiplying a sum by a number gives the same result as multiplying each addend by the number and then adding the products
a(b + c) = a X b + a X c

Dividing powers property - To divide the bases with powers, subtract the power of the denominator from that of the numerator.

Division Algorithm for Polynomials – for each polynomial P(x) of positive degree n and any real number c, there exists a unique polynomial Q(x).

domain – set of all first coordinates of the ordered pairs in a relation.

Evaluate an algebraic expression

E

  element - Each entry in a matrix

  elimination method - is the process of eliminating one of the variables in a system of equations using addition or subtraction in conjunction with multiplication or division and solving the system of equations.

  Equality - is a state in which two things or values are always equal.

  equation – statement of equality, two or more expressions usually divided by an equal sign, are of the same value.

  equivalence relation - A relation which is reflexive, symmetric and transitive.

  equivalent fractions - Fractions that name the same number

  equivalent ratios - Ratios that make the same comparison

  Evaluate an Algebraic Expression - The process of replacing the variables in an expression with the numerical values and simplifying it is known as evaluating an algebraic expression.

even function

even Function - The function f(x) is said to be ‘even’ if and only if f(x) is a real-valued function of a real variable x, and f(-x) = f(x).

even number - is an integer that is divisible by 2. For example: -4, -2, 0, 2, 4. …..

expanded Form -  is a way to break up a number to show how much each digit in the number represents. In other words, expanded form is the method of pulling a number apart expression as a sum of the value of each digit.

exponent - is a mathematical notation that implies the number of times a number is to be multiplied by itself.

exponential function –a function wherein the exponent is variable.

exponential function with base a – the function f(x) = a^x where a > 0, a ≠ 1, and x is any real number.

exponential growth or decay – a situation wherein a certain quantity changes so that in a fixed length of time it grows by a fixed percent.

expression - is a mathematical phrase that combines numbers and/or variables using mathematical operations.

forming an equation

extraneous solution - is a solution of the simplified form of an equation that does not satisfy the original equation.

F

Factor - An integer that divides into another integer. In other words, if any integer is divided by another integer without leaving any remainder, then the latter is the factor of the former. For example, 2 is a factor of 8, because 2 divides evenly into 8.

Factor Theorem – let P(x) be a polynomial, if P(c) = 0, where c is a real number, then x – c is a factor of P(x).

factorial - The product of all whole numbers, except zero, less than or equal to a number

factorization - is a method of writing numbers as the product of their factors or divisors.

first degree equations - The equations in which the highest exponent

first quadrant – a quadrant whose coordinates are (positive, negative).

forming an equation (writing an equation) -It is the process of expressing a verbal description in the form of an equation.

formula

formula - is an expression or equation that expresses the relationship between certain quantities.

fourth quadrant – a quadrant whose coordinates are (positive, positive).

fraction - is a number that represents part of a whole .A fraction is written in the form p/q, where q ≠ 0. A fraction is a way of writing numbers that are not whole numbers.

function – it is a rule that assigns every element of X to a unique element of Y.

Fundamental Counting Principle - The principle which states that all possible outcomes in a sample space can be found by multiplying the number of ways each event can occur

Fundamental Theorem of Algebra – An n-degree polynomial P(x) = a_nxⁿ + a_n-1x^n-1 + … + a₂x² + a₁x + a₀ has at least one zero.

G

geometric progression – is exponential in nature.

graph – geometric pictures used to visualize equations.

graphic calculators – a device used not only to compute but it is also used to draw graphs in Cartesian plane.

hyperbola

greatest common factor (GCF) - The largest common factor of two or more given numbers

Growth law – N = N₀e^kt where n is the original population present at time t = 0, N is the population present at time t, k is a constant (rate of growth) of the population , and e is an irrational number used as base of exponential function  which is approximately equivalent to 2.71828

H

 half-life – the time it takes until only half of the original amount of a radioactive substance remains.

horizontal axis - Horizontal means flat or level. Horizontal axis is the x-axis on a graph.

horizontal line test – used to determine a function whether one-to-one or many-to-one function.

hyperbola - is a conic section in which difference of distances of all the points from two fixed points (called `foci`) is constant.

Identity function

I

identity function – a function with an equation f(x) = x

Identity Property of One - The property which states that multiplying a number by 1 does not change the number's value

Identity Property of Zero - The property which states that adding zero to a number does not change the number's value

imaginary axis - The line in the complex plane corresponding to zero real part i.e. R [Z] = 0

Imaginary Part - If z = x + iy is a complex number, then y is called the Imaginary Part of the complex number z.

 improper fraction - is a fraction in which the number in the numerator is greater than or equal to the number in the denominator.

Intersecting planes

increasing function – an exponential function with a base greater than 1.

independent variable – variable determining the value of others.

 Inequality - is a mathematical sentence that uses symbols such as <, ≤, >, or ≥ to compare two quantities.

Infinity - is a limitless quantity that is greater than every real number

integers -  are the set of whole numbers and their opposites.
{. . . -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3 . . . } is the set of integers.

Intercept – The point at which a curve intersects an axis.

Interest - is a process in which an amount of money borrowed (or lent) increases over time.

intersect - Two lines are said to Intersect when they cross each other or meet, at a single point.

intersecting lines - Lines that have one and only one point in common

intersecting planes - The two planes that meet in a single line

intersection of sets

intersection of sets -  is defined as the grouping up of the common elements of two or more sets.

inverse function – two functions f and g are inverses of each other if and only if g(x) = x for all x in the domain g and g(f(x)) = x for all x in the domain of f.

inverse operation - Two operations are said to be Inverse to each other if one operation undoes the effect of the other operation.

inverse properties - state that when a number is combined with its inverse, it is equal to its identity.

irrational numbers – a number which cannot be expressed as a quotient of two integers.

Iteration - The repetition of a process or set of instructions

J

Joint variation -  is the same as direct variation with two or more quantities.

L

laws of logarithm – laws and rules involving logarithmic function.

linear pair

least common denominator - is the least common multiple of two or more of fractions.

like terms - are monomials that contain the same variables raised to the same powers. They can Be combined to form a single term.

line - A set of points that extends without end in opposite directions

line graph – a graph that shows changes between two quantitative data.

line of symmetry – line that separates a graph into mirror images of each other.

linear equation – equation of first degree, no variable raised to a power.

linear function – function of a first degree.

linear inequality involves a linear expression in two variables by using any of the relational symbols such as <, >, ≤ or ≥

linear pair - is a pair of adjacent angles that form a straight line.

literal coefficient

literal coefficient – in a term that is the product of a number and one or more variables, the literal coefficient is the variable.

Literal numbers - (the letters used in algebra) can either stand for variables (the value of the letter can change,

logarithm – if b and x are positive numbers (b ≠ 1), then log_b x = y if and only if b^y = x; y is called the logarithm of x to the base b.

logarithm of a product – the logarithm of a product of two positive numbers is the sum of the logarithms of the two numbers.(log_aPQ = log_aP + log_aQ)

logarithm of a quotient – the logarithm of a quotient of two positive numbers is the difference of the logarithms of the two numbers. (log_a P/Q = log_a P – log_a Q)

logarithmic equation – an equation involving logarithmic function.

logarithmic function with base a – the inverse of the exponential function with base a.

logarithms of a power – the logarithm of the nth power of a positive number is n times the logarithm of the number. (log_aPⁿ = n log_aP)

midpoint

long division – a process in solving the remainder on polynomials.

lower bound of the zeros - a real number l is a lower bound of the real zeros of P if the least real zero of P is greater than or equal to l.

M

many-to-one function – two or more elements in A may be matched with the same element in B.

maximum value – if the graph of the quadratic function opens downward.

 

midpoint (of a line segment) - is the point that is halfway between the endpoints of the line segment.

minimum value

minimum value – if the graph of the quadratic function opens upward.

 

Mirror Symmetry - occurs when two halves of object is the mirror images of each other.

mixed Fraction - is a number with a combination of an integer and a proper fraction.

monomial - An expression that is a number, a variable, or the product of a number and one or more variables

N

natural Logarithm - A logarithm to the base 'e' is called the Natural Logarithm (ln x), where 'e' is an irrational constant whose value is approximately equal to 2.71828…

natural numbers - All the counting numbers 1, 2, 3,... are called Natural Numbers.

numerical coefficient

negative correlation - a relation in which the values of one variable increase as the values of the other variable decrease

negative exponent - a negative exponent of a number equals to the reciprocal of positive exponent of the number.

negative integer - a number which is less than zero but not a fraction or a decimal 

nonlinear function - a function whose graph is not a straight line

numerator - In a fraction, two numbers are separated by a horizontal bar called vinculum. This is number written above the vinculum.

numerical coefficient - The constant multiplicative factors attached to the variables in an expression.

numerical expression

numerical expression - The term “numerical” means “involving numbers” and the term “expression” means “phrase”. A numerical expression is a mathematical phrase involving only numbers and one or more operational symbols.

O

odd function - the function f(x) is said to be ‘odd’ if and only if f(x) is a real-valued function of a real variable x, and f(- x) = - f(x).

odd number - is a whole number that is not divisible by 2. 
{1, 3, 5, 7, 9, . . . .} is the set of odd numbers.

one-to-one function – a function which each element in A matched with a unique element in B.

open dot – in a graph, this is used to show that at x = 1, the function does not  assume the value of 0.

Open Interval - real number interval that does not include the end points.

Open sentence - is a mathematical sentence that contains one or more variables.

percent

order of operation - comes into play when a mathematical expression has more than one arithmetical operation.

ordered pair - A pair of numbers used to locate a point on a coordinate plane

ordinate – the second coordinate in an ordered pair.

origin – it is the point of intersection of the X and Y axes, at point (0,0).

P

Palindromic Number - A number that will be the same when it is written forwards or backwards.

parabola – the graph of a quadratic function.

Parentheses – are used to denote modifications to normal order of operations, and are generally used in grouping.

Parentheses or round brackets, denoted by ‘( )’ -  is generally used to define the different precedence of numbers in a mathematical expression

Pemdas - means P – Parentheses, E – Exponents, M – Multiplication, D – Division, A – Addition, S – Subtraction

percent - is a ratio that compares a number to 100.

perfect cube

perfect cube - is a number that has a rational number as its cube root.

perfect Number - if the sum of the proper divisors of a number is equal to the number itself.

perfect square - is a number that has a rational number as its square root.

piecewise function - is a function f(x) defined piecewise, that is f(x) is given by different expressions on various intervals.

 

plotting - is to place a point on a coordinate plane by using X and Y coordinates.

point of discontinuity - A function is said to have a point of discontinuity at x = a or the graph of the function has a hole at x = a, if the original function is undefined for x = a,whereas the related rational expression of the function in simplest form is defined for x = a.

point of Intersection - The point at which two or more lines intersect.

power of a power property

point of Symmetry - If a figure or graph is rotated about a point by 180° and yet looks identical to its original, that point.

polar axis - in polar coordinate system is a fixed axis from which polar angle is measured. 

polar equation - An equation of a curve in terms of polar coordinates r and θ.

polynomial – an algebraic expression where the exponents of the variables are all nonnegative integers.

polynomial function -  a polynomial function of degree n is a function of the form f(x) = a_nxⁿ+a_n-1x^n-1+a_n-2x^n-2+ … + a₀, where n is a nonnegative integer, and a_n  are real numbers, and a_n ≠ 0.

positive Integers - Whole numbers greater than zero.

power (a) – an expression in the form xⁿ; the base is x and the exponent is n.

power (b) - tells how many times a number is multiplied by itself.

Power of a Power Property - This property states that the power of a power can be found by multiplying the exponents.

Power of a Product Property

Power of a Product Property - This property states that the power of a product can be obtained by finding the powers of each factor and multiplying them. 

Power of a Quotient Property - This property states that the power of a quotient can be obtained by finding the powers of numerator and denominator and dividing them. 

precision - A property of measurement that is related to the unit of measure used; the smaller the unit of measure used, the more precise the measurement is.

prime factorization - is to write a composite number as a product of its prime factors.

prime number - is a positive integer that has exactly two factors, 1 and the number itself.

prime polynomial – a polynomial that cannot be written as a product of two or more polynomials.

principal - The amount of money borrowed or invested

principal square root -nonnegative square root of a number.

problem solving - The procedure used to solve a problem.

product function – resulting functions when multiplied,            f(x) ∙ g(x)

quadratic equation

Product of Powers Property - This property states that to multiply powers having the same base, add the exponents.

Product Property of Radicals - For two real numbers x and y both nonnegative,

proper factors - All the factors of a number except 1 and the number itself are called the Proper Factors of that number.

proportion – equality of ratios.

Pythagorean theorem - In a right triangle, if a and b are the measures of the legs and c is the measure of the hypotenuse, then a² + b² = c².

Pythagorean triple - A set of three non-zero numbers whose sum of the squares of two numbers is equal to the square of the third number.

Q

qoutient - When one number (dividend) is divided by another number (divisor), the result obtained is known as Quotient.

quadrant – one of the four regions into which a rectangular coordinate system is divided by its axes.

quadratic equation – the resulting equation ax² + bx + c = 0

quadratic formula

quadratic formula – the formula  which give solutions.

quadratic function – a function defined by f(x) = ax² + bx + c, where a, b, and c are real numbers and a ≠ 0.

Quotient of Powers Property - This property states that to divide powers having the same base, subtract the exponents.

Quotient Property of Radicals - For two real numbers x and y both nonnegative,  =  .

R

radical expression - is an expression containing a square root.

radical - the symbol √ , which is used to represent the square root of a number.

raise - when one number is raised over another number, we mean that the number is multiplied by itself those many number of times.

range – set of all second coordinates of the ordered pairs in a relation.

Rational Zero Theorem

range of a data set – difference of the highest quantity and the lowest quantity in a given data set.

rate - is a ratio that compares two quantities of different units.

rate of Interest - is the percentage/interest paid on each year on the sum of the money borrowed.

 ratio - is a comparison of two numbers by division.

rational equation - is an equation containing rational expressions.

rational exponent - If the power or the exponent raised on a number is in the form p/q , where q ≠ 0, then the number is said to have rational exponent. For example: 8^1/3

rational functions (a) – ratios of polynomial function.

rational functions (b) - The functions of the form  , where P(x) and Q(x) are the polynomial function in x and Q(x) ≠ 0.

Rational Zero Theorem – if f(x) = a_nxⁿ+a_n-1x^n-1+ … +a₁x+a⁰ where a₀, a₁, …, a_n are integers (a_n ≠ 0 and a₀  ≠ 0) and p/q (in lowest terms) is a rational zero of f(x), then p is an integer

        rationalizing the denominator

         factor of the constant  term a₀ and q is an integer  factor  of the leading coefficient a_n.

rationalizing the denominator - is the process by which a fraction containing radicals in the denominator is rewritten to have only rational numbers in the denominator.

real axis - is a line corresponding to zero imaginary part, i.e. I [Z] = 0 on a complex plane.

Real Numbers - include all the rational and irrational numbers.  Real numbers are denoted by the letter R. Real numbers consist of the natural numbers, whole numbers, integers rational, and irrational numbers.

Removing a Common Factor

reciprocal - If the product of two numbers is 1, then the two numbers are said to be reciprocals of each other. In other words, a reciprocal is the multiplicative inverse of a number. The reciprocal of ‘a’ is 1/a.

Reciprocal Property - states that for two ratios, if  , then  .

Reflectional Symmetry - is a type of symmetry in which one half of the object is the mirror image of the other.

regrouping - is reorganizing the formation of the group.

relation – any set of ordered pairs of real numbers.

remainder - is the amount left over after division when one divisor does not divide the dividend exactly.

Remainder Theorem – if a polynomial P(x) is divided by x – c, where c is a real number, then the remainder is P(c).

Removing a Common Factor - means taking away a factor, generally the greatest common factor between two or more polynomials.

repeating decimal

repeating decimal - A decimal in which one or more digits repeat endlessly

Root Mean Square (of a set of number) -  is square root of the mean of the squares of the number, i.e. if  are the sets of the number, then its root mean square is given as 

roots of a quadratic equation - The solutions of a quadratic equation.

S

scatter plot - is a graph made by plotting ordered pairs in a coordinate plane to show the correlation between two sets of data.

scientific notation - A method of expressing a number as the product of a number from 1 up to, but not including, 10 and a power of 10

second quadrant – a quadrant whose coordinates are (negative, negative).

solid dot

self-similarity - a figure has self-similarity if it contains a repeating pattern of smaller and smaller parts that are like the whole, but different in size

semiannually - twice a year.

set – a well-defined collection of objects or numbers.

simple interest - is the interest calculated only on the principal regardless of the interest earned so far.

simplest form - a fraction is in simplest form when the numerator and denominator have no common factors other than 1.

simplify - to combine like terms

single logarithm – a simplified logarithm.

slope – first derivative of a curve at a point.

solid boundary curve – indicates that the points on the curve are part of the solution set.

solid dot – in a graph, this is used to indicate that at x = 1, the values of f is 1.

solution region

solution region – is the set of points that satisfy the given inequality.

solution set – set of all replacements for a variable in an open sentence which makes the sentence true.

spreadsheet - A computer program that organizes information in rows and columns and does calculations with numbers and formulas

square root function – a function with an equation f(x) = √x

square root - The square root of a number is a nonnegative number which when multiplied by itself equals the given number.

squared number – the number obtained by multiplying a number by itself.

symmetric points

standard form - Standard form of numbers is a way of writing numbers using digits.

standard position - Angle in standard position is an angle drawn on the x-y plane with its vertex at the origin and its initial side along the positive x-axis.

step function – graph suddenly “steps” from one value to another without taking on any of the intermediate values.

substitute - To replace a variable with a value

substitution method - is a method of solving a system of equations wherein one of the equations is solved for one variable in terms of the other variables.

Subtractive Property of Equations - If the same number is subtracted from both sides of an equation, then the two sides remain equal. That is,  if x = y, then x - z = y - z.

Subtractive Property of Inequalities - Subtracting the same number from both sides of an inequality, does not affect the inequality.  That is,  if x < y, then x - z < y - z and if x > y, then x - z > y - z.

sum function – resulting functions by adding, f(x) + g(x).

symmetric points – are reflection of each other with respect to the axis of symmetry.

synthetic division

synthetic division – a method using the numerical coefficients to display the process of dividing a polynomial in x by   x - r.

System of Equations is a set of two or more equations with the same variables graphed on the same coordinate plane.

        system of inequalities - a set of two or more inequalities with the same variables, graphed in the same coordinate plane.The figure below shows the graph of the system of inequalities 2x - 6y < 12, 3x + 4y < 12, and 4x + 2y ≥8  

T

        table of values – used to represent relationships between two quantities.

        terminating decimal - A decimal that ends is a terminating decimal.

        Theorem - A statement that has to be proved.

trend

third quadrant – a quadrant whose coordinates are (negative, positive).

transformation - Functions which map points of a pre-image onto its image

translation matrix - A matrix representing a translated figure.

 Ex: A’B’C’D’ is the translation matrix of ABCD.

transversal - a line that intersects two or more lines

transverse axis - the segment of length 2a whose endpoints are the vertices of a hyperbola

trend – used to determine in graphing functions, whether it is increasing or decreasing.                                         increasing graph

turning points

turning points – are points where a graph changes from increasing to decreasing function value or vice versa.

U

unequal - two quantities q1 and q2 are said to be unequal if they are different in amount or not equal and it is represented as q₁ ≠ q₂

unit rate - is the ratio of two measurements in which the second term is 1.

upper bounds of the zeros – let P be a polynomial function. A real number u is an upper bound of the real zeros of P if the largest real zero of P is less than or equal to u.

V

value - the numerical worth of an object is known as its value.

value of a variable - a numerical quantity assigned to a variable is called its value.

 variability – spread of a set of data.

variable expression is a combination of numbers (or constants), operations, and variables.

X axis

variance - is a statistical measure that tells us how measured data vary from the average value of the set of data.

 venn diagram - a diagram that is used to show relationships    between sets

vertex – the point of intersection at any point in a plane.

vertex of a parabola – the point where the parabola crosses its axis of symmetry.

vertical axis – is the y-axis on a graph.

vertical line test – used to determine a graph whether it is a function or not.

X

X axis – the horizontal number line in the rectangular coordinate system.

x intercept

x intercept – the x coordinate (abscissa) of the point where a graph intersects the x axis.

Y

Y axis – the vertical number line in the rectangular coordinate system.

Y intercept – the y coordinate (ordinate) of the point where a graph intersects the y axis.

Z

Zero - Product Property - states that if the product of two or more factors is zero, then at least one of the factors must be zero That is, if XY = 0, then X = 0 or Y = 0 or both X and Y are 0. Similarly, if XYZ = 0, then X = 0 or Y = 0 or Z = 0 or all three are 0. This thought can be extended to any number of factors.

zero exponent –any number raised to zero equal to one.

zero of a function – a number x such that f(x) = 0.

zero of a polynomial function – is a value of the variable x,makes  the polynomial function equal to zero or f(x) = 0. The zero of the polynomial function is also called the root of the corresponding polynomial equation.

 

   zero of multiplicity

   zero of multiplicity – if (x-r )^m is a factor of a polynomial function f(x), and (x-r)^m+1 is not a factor of f(x), then r is a zero of multiplicity m of f(x).